presidential republic
Various small kingdoms ruled the area of Cote d'Ivoire between the 15th and 19th centuries, when European explorers arrived and then began to expand their presence. In 1844, France established a protectorate. During this period, many of these kingdoms and tribes fought to maintain their cultural identities -- some well into the 20th century.
Alassane Ouattara
Since 2010
Robert Beugré Mambé
Since 2023
31.9M
$215B