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Vietnam

communist party-led state

Vietnam's early history included periods of occupation by outside forces and eventual power consolidation under Vietnamese dynastic families. A succession of Han Chinese emperors ruled the area, which was centered on the Red River Valley, until approximately the 10th century. The Ly Dynasty (11th-13th century) created the first independent Vietnamese state, which was known as Dai Viet, and established their capital at Thang Long (Hanoi).

Profile

CapitalHanoi (Ha Noi)
Population106.7M
GDP$1456.0B
Area331,210 km²
LanguageVietnamese (official); English (often as a second language); some French, Chinese, and Khmer; mountain-area languages (including Mon-Khmer and Malayo-Polynesian)
Currencydong (VND) per US dollar -

Leadership

Head of State

Tô Lâm

Since 2024

Head of Government

Phạm Minh Chính

Since 2021

At a Glance

Population

106.7M

GDP (PPP)

$1456B

Global Rankings

127thGDP per Capitaof 21725thGDP (PPP)of 219115thLife Expectancyof 22616thPopulationof 23366th

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