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Germany
federal parliamentary republic
As Europe's largest economy and second most-populous nation (after Russia), Germany is a key member of the continent's economic, political, and defense organizations. European power struggles immersed Germany in two devastating world wars in the first half of the 20th century and left the country occupied by the victorious Allied powers of the US, UK, France, and the Soviet Union in 1945. With the advent of the Cold War, two German states were formed in 1949: the western Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) and the eastern German Democratic Republic (GDR).
Profile
CapitalBerlin
Population84.0M
GDP$5247.0B
Area357,022 km²
LanguageGerman (official); note - Danish, Frisian, Sorbian, and Romani are official minority languages; Low German, Danish, North Frisian, Sater Frisian, Lower Sorbian, Upper Sorbian, and Romani are recognized as regional languages
Currencyeuros (EUR) per US dollar -
Leadership
Head of State
Frank-Walter Steinmeier
Since 2017
Head of Government
Friedrich Merz
Since 2025
At a Glance
Population
84.0M
GDP (PPP)
$5247B
