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Italy
parliamentary republic
<p>Italy became a nation-state in 1861 when the regional states of the peninsula, along with Sardinia and Sicily, were united under King Victor EMMANUEL II. An era of parliamentary government came to a close in the early 1920s when Benito MUSSOLINI established a Fascist dictatorship. His alliance with Nazi Germany led to Italy's defeat in World War II.
Profile
CapitalRome
Population60.9M
GDP$3133.0B
Area301,340 km²
LanguageItalian (official), German (parts of Trentino-Alto Adige region are predominantly German-speaking), French (small French-speaking minority in Valle d'Aosta region), Slovene (Slovene-speaking minority in the Trieste-Gorizia area), Croatian (in Molise)
Currencyeuros (EUR) per US dollar -
Leadership
Head of State
Sergio Mattarella
Since 2015
Head of Government
Giorgia Meloni
Since 2022
At a Glance
Population
60.9M
GDP (PPP)
$3133B
